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How To Make Organic Compost

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Compost serves as a growing medium,or a porous, absorbent material that holds moisture and soluble minerals, providing the support and nutrients in which most plants will flourish.Organic compost is the best material to grow your plants in. Compost is the type of soil plants really love to grow in, because it is made from lots of great organic material. It is the safest kind of material to grow your plants in.

How Do Make Organic Compost

1.You need to start with a base of material that is rich in carbon.You will need things like straw, dead flowers, shredded newspaper, and dried leaves. Some people forget to add these brown materials, but the are essential.

2.You need green materials that are high in nitrogen.These materials include things like kitchen waste from plants, animal manure, green garden clippings, and grass clippings. You can use all kinds of fruit and vegetable peelings and leftovers, but no meat!

3.You need a little bit of soil from your garden.It is important for you to remember that you should actually add a bit of natural soil to your compost to get it started. You cab start by putting down a layer of your brown material. This could be straw, dry leaves, or even shredded newspapers if you do not have anything else. On top of that, you can add some of your green stuff, then a layer of soil. Then you add more of your brown material to the top. Finally, you need to add water to these layers. Just moisten them, do not drown them!

4.Continue the above by adding layers until you have a compost pile that is around 3 feet wide and 3 feet high. You should probably have a ratio of about three parts brown material to one part of green material. If your pile is not 3 feet tall yet, just keep adding material to it whenever you have it available.

5.About once every week or two, you should turn your compost pile. This means using something like a garden fork (a pitchfork) to stir your pile. You want to work all of the stuff in the middle out toward the edges, and move the outer material inward toward the middle.

Be sure to keep your compost pile moist. It should never be soggy, but be sure not to let it dry out. If your compost pile gets too dry, it will stop decomposing properly. If you see steam coming up from your pile when you turn it, you can be pretty sure everything is decomposing properly.

You can add earthworms to your compost pile if you want. They find the pile on their own, but you can speed the process up a big by adding some to the pile yourself. You can buy earthworms at a fishing bait store and use those.

6.Build or buy a bin to house your compost pile.This can help keep your pile neat and tidy, so it does not pread out too much. You can also buy rotating compost bins that you can turn in order to mix your compost. These are not necessary, but they can make your job easier.

Once your compost turns into a rich, nearly black material, it will start to smell much better. Your new compost will smell a bit sweet. Once it turns black and starts to smell sweet, it is ready to be mixed with your regular garden soil. In fact, you can use this rich compost as potting soil, usually with nothing else added. You can even replace most of the soil in your garden with this material, or use it in raised beds.

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Paul Hata -
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Paul Hata is active in various social and community programs aimed at providing equal access to education,health and jobs to all.Paul has over 10 years experience in managing a multi-million dollar advertising company.Paul can be reached at – EarlyPlanet.com

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How to Broadcast Organic Garden Compost

Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/nature-articles/how-to-make-organic-compost-469548.html

Article Tags:
organic compost, organic gardening, natural fertilizer, paul hata, christian speaker, christian leader

Mark Donovan of HomeAdditionPlus.com shows how to broadcast organic garden compost material to a Vegetable Garden. (01:26)

How to Use Compost in Your Garden

Compost is one of nature’s best mulches and soil amendments, and you can use it instead of commercial fertilizers. Making compost is often considered to be complex but all you need to do is provide the right ingredients and let nature do the rest. (02:30)

Composting with Worms, how it works.

Learn about vermicomposting, or how to compost with worms in a worm bin. It’s not gross, it’s fun! (02:12)

How to do Composting in Organic Gardening

In this video we discuss how to make your own organic garden, and we show how to make compost. (05:22)

How to Use Organic Compost in a Vegetable Garden

This instructional step by step video will show how to use organic compost in a vegetable garden. (03:48)

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Find More How To Make A Compost Bin Articles

Q&A: In organic gardening do you need to add anything besides compost and can you add to much compost?

Ten Excellent Reasons to Start a Compost Bin

Guest — Sun, 10 Apr 2011 20:26:38 +0000

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Ten Excellent Reasons to Start a Compost Bin

Ten Excellent Reasons to Start a Compost Bin

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Home Page > Home and Family > Ten Excellent Reasons to Start a Compost Bin

Ten Excellent Reasons to Start a Compost Bin

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Would you like to cut down on the amount of trash you send to the garbage dump? Could you make use of an unlimited supply of nutrient rich earth for your back garden?

Composting is a fantastic way for you to create stimulants and eco-friendly fertilizer for your backyard garden or lawn and it is an tremendously environmentally friendly way to help deal with the existing land fill issue. In this short article, we will take a detailed look at ten differerent tips and facts about composting and creating your own compost bin.

1. A compost bin can certainly alter yard and kitchen spend right into a rich, natural and organic soil ingredient.

2. The very first modern-day use of composting dates back to natural and organic farmers in nineteen twenties Europe.

3. Creating compost with a compost bin is really a practical and simple way for you to cope with yard clippings and waste for example lawn clippings, dropped leaves, plant clippings, and more.

4. Composting is really an organic and natural biological process whereby bacterias, fungus as well as other microorganisms break up organic substances for example foliage, lawn cuttings, and kitchen waste items.

5. The speed of the composting procedure could be improved by rotating or turning the pile regularly..

6. Some advice to consider the precise combination of materials to use when making compost is: 3 parts brown, 1 part green. Ensure that it stays moist, and turn it routinely.

7. Composting with a compost bin can help to eliminate as much as 20% from the waste you send out to our landfills..

8. Composting is probably the most effective steps you can take to reduce your effect on the environment, to help wildlife, to add nutrition to your soil, and also to maximize crop yield and plant health.

9. Worm composting, also referred to as vermicomposting, is among the fastest approaches for recycling veggie and fruit leftovers.

10. Composting will work miracles for the backyard garden if used properly.

Getting started with composting is simple, fun, enjoyable, and really is a fantastic way to do your part to help save the environment while at the same time creating nutrient rich soil for your lawn and garden.

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See compost tumbler reviews and compostumber composters for additional information.

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Can i grow tomato plants from the start using compost
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Article Tags:
composting, compost

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See compost tumbler reviews and compostumber composters for additional information.

Compost from start to finish

3 Top Tips For Saving Money on Greening Your Household, and Having Fun Doing It!

Guest — Sat, 09 Apr 2011 18:25:50 +0000

by Kristin Roach

3 Top Tips For Saving Money on Greening Your Household, and Having Fun Doing It!

3 Top Tips For Saving Money on Greening Your Household, and Having Fun Doing It!

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Home Page > News and Society > Recycling > 3 Top Tips For Saving Money on Greening Your Household, and Having Fun Doing It!

3 Top Tips For Saving Money on Greening Your Household, and Having Fun Doing It!

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These are my top three tips for making your house more earth-friendly. By using these tips, you can save time & money while doing the right thing for the planet. Sounds like a win-win to me!

Start a Compost Pile in Your Backyard.

By creating a compost pile, you can take a huge strain off of your weekly garbage volume…and depending on where you live, can even save you money. More importantly, you’re reducing what you send to the landfill and also rewarded with excellent soil to create a beautiful garden.

After separating out my recycling and compost, I have next to nothing left to go out as trash. The main ingredients of compost include your food scraps, yard waste, coffee grinds and laundry lint. Dig a hole in your backyard, and just dump in the material. Add some leaves and grass and mix it around. Turn it over every couple days, and that’s about it. I don’t recommend buying a proper compost tumbler as there’s a lot of inefficient ones out there and they take up a good amount of space. I live in a cramped row home, so I like to keep it small. The compost is finished when the material is a consistent shade of light brown and has an earthy aroma to it.

Get Your Kids Involved With Your Efforts.

Learning about sustainability is now pretty common in most schools, definitely more so than when I was growing up. Use this to your advantage and get your kids to help you out. Getting them involved will inevitably strengthen the bond between you, and you’ll come up with other creative projects to try.

Teach your kids to segregate your materials, such as plastics, glass and aluminum cans for the recycling bin. Find out when your neighborhood has a recycling pickup for other materials such as light bulbs, paint, computers, etc. Designate a space for collecting these materials and have them learn why this is important. Furthermore, I encourage teaching the practice of trash picking. This is a major hobby of mine, and a great way to get a grasp on how much we throw away each day. I’ve found absolutely everything you can imagine on the curb in my neighborhood, and it’s great when you can bring something home and put it to use, avoiding the landfill and saving money.

Consider an Energy Audit to Save Serious Cash on Your Monthly Bills.

Whether you decide to pay for a professional one or not is up to you. Regardless, you should take a good look at how your house is using energy…it’s expensive! I’ve been able to lower my bills with some simple techniques.

How old are your appliances? Your kitchen’s refrigerator is by far the biggest energy user. An Energy Star rated fridge doesn’t cost nearly what it used to…however make sure that whoever you purchase from, that they have a detailed process for what they do with your old fridge. Your stove also consumes a great deal of energy and is worth taking a look at.

My other quick suggestions would include air-drying wet clothes (washed with cold water), and consider a tankless water heater. These factors saved me over a hundred dollars per month alone. In the colder months, figure out where your drafts are and block them out. I like to burn incense and watch where the smoke goes…it will wiggle its way toward the leaky spots in your walls. Plastic bags and/or spackle will do the trick for stuffing out drafty spots.

For the more adventurous, I would consider looking into tying into the grid with alternative energy. There are plenty of kits and ebooks out there explaining how to create your own solar panel, magnetic power generator, wind turbine, etc. While these take some time and investment, they will be worth their while… and as I said earlier, get your kids involved.

Everyone’s home is different, but we all use a lot of energy and have the ability to reduce our impact on the environment and our bank accounts. Get your housemates involved to get the creative juices flowing and start a project together. Creating homemade alternative energy is bound to become more and more popular as its benefits become increasingly apparent.

Of course, these tips are really just the beginning. The key to a green household is a keen interest in making minor lifestyle adjustments to the tune of saving money and feeling good about your new contributions to the planet.

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Tyler Weaver -
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Tyler urges you to put your thinking cap on and devise a plan to reduce your energy consumption and be rewarded with saving money and feeling good about yourself. Free report reveals how you can get dramatic results in little time…find it here:

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Ten-figure Guide: When the Going Gets Tough?

Guest — Sat, 26 Mar 2011 16:25:52 +0000

Ten-figure Guide: When the Going Gets Tough?

Ten-figure Guide: When the Going Gets Tough…

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Ten-figure Guide: When the Going Gets Tough…

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What is the last half of that old cliché used in the article title? Do you know?

“When the going gets tough – the tough get going!”

While some clichés grow stale with time, others grow brighter with use. This one fits in the latter category. For most people in our country today, the going is tough and getting tougher. At least as far as the economy is concerned. Many families are finding it difficult, if not impossible, to make ends meet.

Read All About It!

Here’s what the headlines are telling us:

· In January 2008, construction spending in the United States experienced its biggest decline in 14 years.

· According to the Commerce Department the decline in residential building is growing to include hotels, highways, and infrastructure projects paid for by state and municipal governments.

· Factory output in the nation fell in February 2008 for the second time in three months.

· Manufacturing activity fell from 50.7 percent to 48.3 in January. (Anything below 50 percent reflects declining activity.)

· Many employers are cutting back on new hiring.

· Consumer confidence is at its lowest level in nearly 15 years.

· Consumer prices rose in June 2008 at the second fastest pace in 26 years.

· Prices for basic items like milk have increased. (More than 13%).

Breakfast cereal prices have jumped 4.8% over the past 12 months.
Retail prices were up 5% annually in June, the biggest 12-month change since May 1991.

What Do You See?

Enough already. No need to continue. The picture is clear. That is, if that’s the picture you want to gaze at, think about and meditate upon.

If the going is getting tough, where are the tough who need to get going? And where are the tough going?

The tough are the ones who know that setbacks and obstacles are temporary. The tough are the ones who look for opportunities hidden within every adversity. The tough are the ones who believe the glass if half full when others see it as half empty.

Growth through Pressure

The tough are the ones who are convinced that a path without obstacles leads to nowhere. And without adversities there is no growth.

If you force open a rose bud, you will ruin the blossom. If you force open a cocoon, you will kill the butterfly. When left alone to press through on their own, the rosebud blossoms and the caterpillar evolves into a majestic butterfly. The tough know that as they press through the heavy circumstances they too will evolve to become what they are intended to become – and do what they are intended to do.

It has been said that for some when opportunity knocks, they resent the interruption.

What about you? Do you sense the excitement of the myriads of opportunities that surround you? Will you be one of the “tough” who will “get going”?

Never has there been a better time to investigate areas such as home-based businesses (of all types), network marketing, internet marketing, internet businesses, direct sales and ways to earn money online. Are there scams out there? Yes. Are there weeds in the vegetable garden? Yes. What will you allow to stop you or slow you down? The scammers? The weeds?

Time To Get Going

The action verbs “get going” denote forward movement. Movement means taking steps. Even if they are baby steps.

When the going gets tough, the tough get going. When you get going you don’t need to worry about what the others are doing. You’ll be so busy “going” you’ll forget about devastating headlines and bad news.

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Rob Walcher -
About the Author:

Rob Walcher can be considered as one of the “tough” who knows how to “get going.” He shot to the top in two different direct sales companies in a matter of 18 months and has become known as the Ten-Figure Guru. Rob has subsequently helped hundreds of entrepreneurs achieve their own success. If you want to “get going” and work directly with Rob click here: www.10figureguru.com?t=ezine

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Covert War on Rock by Alex Constantine Summary

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COVERT WAR ON ROCK BY ALEX CONSTANTINE SUMMARY

(re: what the” POWERS-THAT-BE “have done to MUSICIANS for decades AND not all of them have survived it. This includes mind-control and surveillance and murder by the alleged CIA AND FBI and other forces of destruction, on civil rights activists and other AWAKE people in the WORLD OF MUSIC comments, questions, feed-back and requests are welcome)
Acknowledgements:
OPERATION CHAOS ….a draft outline found among the papers of the late political researcher Mae Brussell, provided the framework and inspiration for the study.

The decision to write it was made ten years ago, and since that time the author has gathered pertinent material toward this end, often at the suggestion of friends who had a piece of the puzzle to contribute, including Will Robinson, Marilyn Colman, and Brussell Sprouts, David X. Patrick Fourmy, publisher of Prevailing Winds, Al Marcellienme, John Judge, Lee Lewe-Lee, Cynthia Ford, Lynn Moss-Sharman, Adam Parfray, Bennett Theissen, Matty, DasGoat, Virginia McCullough, Dick Farley, Cynthia Richards, the late Sharon White, Andrew and David, MIHRA, Linda Minor, and CTRL’s researchers, Vicky – Guerra Michael Putinism, Melissa Darpino, and the pertinent librarians at UCLA research library, and the Los Angeles municipal library system.

The author also wishes to thank Elliot Mintz, spokesman for Bob Dylan and Yoko Ono, reggae archivist Roger Steffans and Realist editor Paul Krassner for the admirable roles they have played in opposing some of the unimaginable acts described in this volume.. …… Alex Constantine, author

Chapter 1. A Killing Field For The Heat
Chapter 2. The Machine….The CIA And The Mob
Chapter 3. Para political Stars In The Dope Show
Chapter 4. The Death Of Cass Elliot(Mamas And The Papas) And Other Restless Youth
Chapter 5. Brian Jones ..The Rolling Stones
Chapter 6. The End Of Rock Festivals
Chapter 7. Jimi Hendrix., Political Harassment And Murder
Chapter 8. Fragrance Of Chaos Jim Morrison
Chapter 9. Joan Baez, Phil Ochs And Bob Dylan Etc
Chapter 10. Who Killed The Kennedy’s And Sal Mineo
Chapter 11. Project Walrus John Lennon
Chapter 12. The Deaths Of Marley And Tosh
Chapter 13. Gang War Sons Of Chaos
Chapter 14. False God Syndrome

FOREWARD
The corporate media harbors hundreds of CIA propagandists and fawning loyalists who find revelations concerning domestic political assassinations inconvenient and stroll by with little comment. The agency and organized crime have, for over thirty years, engaged in a program to silence popular musicians whose influence subverts the cynical thought control tactics of American government and media.

This book is an attempt to return that evidence to the historical record.

PRELUDE..
Assassination Politics of the Vietnam War period.

Former CIA Richard Ober, director of OPERATION CHAOS…
the most expansive domestic surveillance and covert ops net-work in America’s history. The intelligence sectors response to the anti-war and civil rights movements, ran covert assassinations programs as well.
The Nixon administration rose on a foundation of political murder.
The C.I.A. had assembled a thick concordia of lethal methods.
The project began with an anonymous , undated memo on assassination by “natural cause.” Knock off key people the heavily censored document specified, ” how to knock off key guys, natural causes, a declassified memo..
1 Bodies left with no hope if the cause of death being determined by the most complete autopsy and chemical examinations,
2 Bodies left in such circumstances as to simulate accidental death
3 Bodies left in such circumstances as to simulate accidental suicide
4 Bodies left with residue that simulate those caused by natural diseases.

April 2, 1977 Washington Post reported that the agency had experimented in exotic poisons.

CHAPTER 1

In 1967 a subversive form of music melded with politics in San Francisco.
Thus, destabilization tactics were summarized in a leaked memo, excerpt:
“show them as depraved” call attention to their habits, and every possible embarrassment.
Send articles to the newspaper showing their depravity.
Use misinformation to confuse and corrupt.
Provoke target groups into rivalries that might result in death.”

For the first time since it’s creation the warfare state erected by the Dulles brothers, Hoover, MacArthur, Kissinger, Nixon, etc. was threatened by an increasingly militant segment of society.
The FBI rose to the challenge.
On July 30, 1994, Intelligence files on Leonard Bernstein reveal the bureau spent countless hours examining his links with associations deemed communist to subversive.
FBI agent Jane Moore said the FBI saw the strength and power of the idea of socialism, realized it represented a very real danger to our profit-motivated corporate state and had declared total covert war against not only the denim clad revolutionaries but all progressive forces
The bureaus tactic was to cut them down or burn them out before they realized their potential.
At the federal level, the CIA. was already pursuing similar objectives under code name Operation Chaos.
Targets of Chaos
Blank Panther Movement (Geronimo Pratt, jailed for 27 yrs. for murders he did not commit. He was also a target of COINTELPRO, the FBI “counter-surveillance program)
Politically active hippies were also targets.
Many underground papers were put out of business when they were abandoned by advertisers who had been pressured by the FBI.
From 1967 to 1972 the operation compiled 13,000 files, which concerned 300,000 individuals and organizations.
The CIA directorate of operations created an index of 7 million names.

CHAPTER 2

THE MACHINE CIA AND MOB INFLUENCES ON THE ROCK INDUSTRY….

The mafia was to be enlisted for the covert war against the counter-culture. In the mid-60′s CHAOS officials and the mob both eyed the rise of political rock music. The CIA saw them as long haired communists screaming for revolution and the end to the Vietnam War. The mafia wanted more constrictive financial control over the recording industry. Top 40, the reigning broadcast format in America owes its very existence to the CIA and mafia combo. Drugs would enter the equation, plus youth and LSD with the politics of heroin and LSD drugs were only one contribution the agency has made to the American culture.

The National Security Council was patterned after Hitler’s security council , and its jurisdiction was to oversee the CIA by dictate of the NSA of 1947.

CHAPTER 3
PARAPOLITICAL STARS IN THE DOPE SHOW

Books were burned, book stores closed down, offices and social centers were broken into, artists, writers, musicians and countless hippies got dragged into court., to answer trumped up charges of corruption, obscenity, drug-abuse, and anything that might silence their voices. LSD appeared on the streets, as if on cue to destroy student descent. More potent drugs used in federally sponsored behavior modification studies (translates mind-control) also found their way to society at large. STP created by Dow-Chemical Co. in 1964 was considered incapacitating agent by the CIA Emergency wards was choked in San Francisco with freaking bohemians. PCP an animal tranquilizer, also fed to the hippies by the CIA. The Mob opened mass production labs and a meticulously organized network of traffickers to move black market drugs..

A CIA agent who claims to have infiltrated the covert LSD network, provided a clue when he referred to Height-Asbury as a human guinea pig farm. A dozen years earlier in the same city , George Hunter White and his CIA colleagues had set up a “safe house” and began testing hallucinogenic drugs on unwitting citizens. Now suddenly there was a neighborhood packed with young people who were ready and willing to gobble experimental chemicals. Charles Manson and Timothy Leary arrived in San Francisco and each had a keen interest in mind-control.

Dulles mentioned in his memo that the agency was testing drugs on groups of people. CIA personnel mingled with the drug dealers.. Monitoring stations were set up, among them was Louis J West, Jack Ruby’s shrink, West oversaw Dr Jose Delgado, author of Physical Control of the Mind and Ross Addey, a veteran of operation Paperclip (Nazi’s entry into CIA and NASA and else where), Dr. Margaret Singer of the CIA created False Memory Syndrome. All participated in the study of LSD as a politically destabilizing weapon. One CIA memo named the drug as a potential new agent for unconscious warfare. In 1967 as CHAOS was launched by CIA White House. Timothy Leary, tossed out of the army for erratic behavior, left experimenting with LSD on prisoners in N.Y. for the CIA, and donned the robes of the designated LSD media prelate. He later admitted to knowing at the time that some powerful people in Washington have sponsored this drug research. Leary was constantly surrounded by ops of intelligent agents.

CHAPTER 4
The death of Cass Elliot (of the Mamas and the Papas)and other restless youth

According to Mae Brussell, researcher, in 1968 orders went out to proceed to neutralize segments of society. including those restless youth. By 1969 the SSS (Special Services Section of the FBI), combined with the Justice department and with the CIA operation Chaos.

Thus. Manson Murders, etc. Manson joined the Process church, a Satanist church , who also worshipped Lucifer and Jehovah. It was (is) big in Hollywood at the time. (Manson clearly a mind-controlled dupe).

One FBI report on Cass Elliot marked urgent states she attended a fund raiser in Hollywood , for Peace and Justice. Cass had political ambitions and wanted to be a senator, maybe, in 20 yrs or so. An underground paper called The Realist suggested Cass was the target of political foul play. The editor Paul Krassner said, “I believe she might have been killed. She knew a lot about the incredible criminal links between Hollywood and Washington and Las Vegas.

CHAPTER 5
THE MURDER IN THE HOUSE OF POOH BRIAN JONES OF THE ROLLING STONES.

The fusion of music and politics made the stones an enemy of the state. There were infiltrators and drug set-ups and busts thus, Jagger said ” This is a protest against the system, war stems from power-mad politicians and patriots, we must end all these mindless men from seats of power, and replace them with real people, people of compassion.” The stones were stalked harassed and getting paranoid.

An odd construction crew came to restore the house of Brian Jones, the former cottage of AA Milne, author of Pooh books. They muscled their way into his private life, and had a weird hold over Brian. One worker, Thorogood, made a death bed confession, that he had drowned Wilson The tell-tale signs of cover-up by authorities are unmistakable. He was off drugs at the time. his death was not caused by a life of abuse as was claimed, he was murdered.

CHAPTER 6
THE END OF ROCK FESTIVALS

Five Months later, a music festival happened near San Francisco, and became murderous. The band would be forever tainted by the surreal violence..

Editor of Rolling Stone, Jan Wenner, put the Rolling Stones Band in touch with Melvin Belli, attorney of California well-heeled conservative base, whose eulogy at his funeral was, “a man of law against the CHAOS of life, a man of CHAOS against the law of life.” He was one of CIA’s most trusted court room wonders. Belli chose the Altamount for the Stones concert. It had all the charm of a grave yard, and not fit to draw 300,000 people.! Ralph Sonny Barger of the Hells Angels was hired to keep the peace, (an informant hit-man, who was hired by feds to kill labor activist Cesar Chavez, but was arrested instead on an old charge.) Hells Angels are represented in 18 countries now, largest crime family export. Who in 1969 suspected the Hells Angels was a death squad in employ of the political agencies? (a refreshing break from the status quo?)

At the Stone’s concert the Hells Angels beat up on the youth to excited to see Jagger and Leary arrive, an 18 year old girl was stabbed to death for allegedly having a gun, by the Hells Angels. There ended up 3 dead and many wounded..

A CANCER WAS PLANTED AND GROWING IN THE COUNTER-CULTURE

CHAPTER 7
JIMI HENDRIX POLITICAL HARASSMENT AND MURDER.

He didn’t die from a drug overdose, he was not an out of control dope fiend. He was not a junkie.

FBI COUNTELPRO was out to do more than prevent a communist menace, from overtaking the U.S.! (or to control black power movement). It was out to obliterate its opposition and ruin the representatives of the people involved in the anti-war movement, Civil Rights Movement, and the rock revolution.

Hendrix manager, Mike Jeffery, by his own admission was an intelligence agent. He frequently boasted he had powerful underworld connections. There were many mafia managed “acts”. The CIA/Mafia connection had exercised considerable influence in the music industry for decades. Hendrix wanted out of the contract. He felt he was under surveillance and felt more and more unsafe in New York, his former safe haven. His manager, thus, might have created a Toronto arrest, to silence Jimi. He preferred him to be isolated. He had always been a trusting and open person before, and now he didn’t know who to trust.

He was getting 10 grand for a 50 grand concert. Hendrix friends said Jeffrey’s would get more money from a dead Hendrix than a living one. There was also a possible million dollar insurance policy in Jeffrey’s name.

Was Hendrix murdered? The official cause of death was asphyxiation caused by vomit? The pathologist report left the cause of death open. Monica Danneman (investigator), had long insisted Hendrix was murdered. At the time of her own death, she had brought media attention to the case in a letter and highly publicized court battle. Monica’s body was found in a fume-filled car near her home, in south England. It was called a suicide.

She had a lot of death threats, and people who knew her said “she didn’t believe in the concept of suicide”

CHAPTER 8
Death of Jim Morrison, lead singer of the doors.

Two years after the death of Brian Jones, Jim Morrison’s body was found in a bath-tub in his flat in Paris. Death was attributed to natural causes, possibly heart failure. Morrison’s political outbursts attracted the FBI. He had said, ” I like the idea about the breaking away or over-throw of the established order.” In another interview Manzerek (of the Doors) considered possible motives for the elimination of the Anarchistic Lizard King ” they were going to stop all rock and roll by stopping the Doors. He was considered the most dangerous because he was saying . “We want the world and we want it NOW.”

FBI harassment rendered Morrison so anxiety ridden that he had an ulcer by mid-twenties. Paranoia struck deep and it was thought he was a marked man. Bob Seymore wrote a book re: Jim called The End and conceded” you could say the CIA and the other intelligence agencies may have had a hand in the deaths of Hendrix, Joplin and Morrison etc., simply because they were the leaders of the generation of the 60′s.

A book ” The Bank of America in Louisiana” appeared in 1975, after his death, supposedly written by Morrison. Some say he survived Paris and lived a life free from celebrity and the FBI. A James Douglas Morrison, claimed to be operating as an intelligence agent for a number of groups including the CIA and Interpol, and also had connections with various occult groups. This JM2 also claims to be the dead rock star. There are stacks of official looking document, and letters between the agencies, CNN, NBC, and JM2. This claim was made by researcher Thomas Lyttle who claims to have seen what looks like authentic documents. There seems to be hundreds if not thousands of miscellaneous files under the name. No autopsy was performed after his death, a probable violation of French law. Pamela Courson, who was with him at the time, died later of an overdose that some said was a “Hot Shot” or poisoned opiate.

CHAPTER 9
JOAN BAEZ PHIL OCHS

Joan Baez survived the chaos backlash, she fully understood that political assassination could be her reward for openly castigating military-industrial masters of war. Her close friend Martin Luther King Jr., the worlds most honored civil rights leader told her and a group of activists before delivering his famed speech how the police had dumped him in the hole and it was black and he couldn’t see. They shoved food in the room but he wouldn’t eat it for fear it was poisoned starving and afraid he got on his knees and prayed and when he got up he said it didn’t matter anymore.

Kings entourage hid their pain when they knew what he meant. We knew he was going to die, and he was ready to die, and he was ready to make a commitment to Vietnam etc. He said, “I have been to the mountaintop and I have seen the Promised Land and it doesn’t matter anymore.”

Joan Baez wrote a memoir, And a Voice to Sing With, (1987) of her childhood and her father as a bright young Stanford scientist “Albert Baez recognized the danger of the unleashed atom even in the early days” He took a job at Cornell University in Ithica, New York (Cornell is the base of CIA Mind Control experiments and Joan is a survivor of ritual abuse and mind control experimentation, according to letters she has written to researchers and other survivors), a common cover for trauma-based-mind-control programming. She has a song about it

“I am paying for protection, Smoking out the truth…chasing recollections…nailing down the roof”

Baez entertained no illusions about the CIA, and promoted State of Siege, film she saw as exposing the corrupt element of AID (Agency for International Development, overseas), which funded the teaching of techniques of torture tactics in Latin America. We solicited signatures against the use of torture. Torture was made more prevalent than it had been since the Middle Ages, thus the danger was its common use as government policy. The hands of the US government were far from clean.

Joan did years of intensive therapy to confront her inner demons ,fears, insomnia, panic attacks, phobias, anxieties, etc. Therapists kept Joan glued together, to get me to the next gig, she said.

Joan’s father was invited to become the head of Operations at Cornell, which would bring him in contact with CIA Human Ecology Foundation, (re: Academic Mind Control Studies) behind the fences of the Ivy League campuses across the country. Joan said it was classified. She was not buried by Chaos, but she lived under its intolerant eye and it could silence her. An example is a mistranslation in Japanese re her comments on Vietnam and Nagasaki. The interpreter was threatened and complied. A year later sale of her records were banned from all Army PXs and when she denounced the draft on the Smother‘s Brothers Hour, she was censored by CBS, her comments cut, and CBS cancelled the Brothers soon after. The same year her then David Harris was sentenced to three years for draft evasion.

Civil rights activists were falsely linked to Communist organizations. A common smear tactic.

JOAN BAEZ AND BOB DYLAN
MIMI FARINA AND RICHARD FARINA

In 1961 Joan Baez met Bob Dylan. Whose songs had such stark political flavor. Bob nearly died in 1966 after a motorcycle accident. Joan’s brother-in-law Richard Farina did die a few months later in a motorcycle accident. It was suspicious and happened on his wife Mimi Farina birthday. He was on his way back from a promotional party for his book “Been Down So Long It Looks Like Up”. Before his death he had been producing an album to be performed by Joan, but it got shelved.

Mimi Farina, sister of Joan, is an equally talented and politically active woman who sings in prisons and goes out hands on to the poor, last I heard, and I believe Joan’s heart is also with the poor folk (My Note)

After Dylan’s accident he went thru a political change . He dropped the broadside lyrics grating on the nerves of the establishment. Mark Edmundson wrote: He wasn’t ruined by drugs. His work combines art and politics and the harshest truth about the world. He is a visionary skeptic ,he loves the promise of America and yet is disgusted by much of its reality.

His songs tell about the cane murder of black servant Hattie Carroll, the death of boxer Davie Moore, the unbroken chains of injustice. They go to the heart of the decades most recurring preoccupation ,that in a time of irreversible technical progress , moral civilization has pathetically faltered, that no matter how much international attention is focused on the macro-cosmic affairs, the plight of the individual must be considered.

Five years after the accident he wrote “George Jackson”, a fiercely driven ballad about the Black Panther leader ” “George Jackson” who was consiciously murdered by a prison guard.

PHIL OCHS ( THE OUT LAW AND HIS BRAIN) MIND CONTRO AND MPD

“U.S. agents were able to destroy any persons reputation by inducing hysteria or excessive emotional responses, temporary or permanent insanity, suggest or encourage suicide , erase memory , invent double or triple personalities, inside ones mind.”
—quote by the late Mae Brussells Operation Chaos investigator etc.

Ochs was a close chum of Bob Dylan , and thought Bob was the greatest poet ever. Ochs ,Bob, and Farina set out on the Folk minstrels path in the village in the early 1960′s. Together with others they dragged folk music away from the migration camps and union halls into direct confrontation with the Eisenhower’s looming military-industrial complex. Ochs denounced the American politics in the “Cops of the world”. song

” and when we’ve butchered your sons boys, have a stick of gum boys, we own half the world….”OH CAN YOU SEE”? AND THE NAME OF OUR PROFITS IS DEMOCRACY.

He was the ultimate dissident song quote” the comic and the beauty queen are dancing on the stage .The raw recruits are lining up like coffins in a cage.” “Oh we are fighting in a war we lost before the war began”

Not long before he died, one night after too many drinks, he drew down the CIA Director Wm. Colby, director of the murderous Phoenix Project in Vietnam. He claimed he put a contract out on his life for 100,000 dollars. “I told Colby he’s got a half of year to live or get out of Vietnam or he is dead. They can kill me but he is dead” he said.( He as well was certain that Gloria Steinem, editor of Ms. magazine and famous feminist is a CIA agent) Ochs was founder of the Yippee party, sang with protesters, and appeared as a witness for the trail of the Chicago Seven. His lyrics were considered so inflammatory that he was banned from the air-waves. The FBI did not refrain form amassing a huge file on him, and the feeling that he was never alone unnerved him. He wrote ” take everything I own, take the tap from my phone, and leave my life alone, My life alone! He was tarred as a communist and a threat to national security. His friends said Ochs was convinced he would be assassinated. He was driven to drink by the radio black-listing his music and the ongoing surveillance and harassments and his nerve gave out. He lived in a perpetual state of paranoia His vocal cords were crushed by thugs.

He developed a right wing pseudo personality called John Train who he wrote about
( Beth’s note: Who created John Train? Was he like his good friend Joan Baez, a mind-controlled MPD(DID), from abuse and experimentation? On the first day of summer ,1975,” Phil Ochs “was murdered in the Chelsea Hotel by John Train, Ochs said in a taped interview. “for the good of societies public and “secret,” he needed to be gotten rid of.” He also made reference to his Pseudo personality in song fragments in an album never recorded re: “Phil Ochs checked into the Chelse a Hotel, there was blood on his clothes, Train Train Train, the outlaw and his brain. (my note: I have read accounts of cloning since the 50′s. Lots of hi-tech knowledge kept secret, including in Jim Keith’s book “Secret and Suppressed”).

Ochs actually now believed he was working for the CIA., writes biographer Marc Elliot.( Ochs also referred to N.Y. Cornell Hospital in mysterious lists) “Train hinted that if Ochs had been a commercial success “they”(CIA) would have killed his host personality.. ” Colby and Co. would have been more than happy to put a slug thru his head at that point, “said Train, the alternate personality. Ochs committed suicide on April 9, 1976, by hanging. This was the same year of the book ” the Control of Candy Jones” by Donald Bain., ( a study of CIA mind control experimentation, Candy was also an MPD, created personalities, who carried out covert assignments , a marionette with an inner Nazi personality. She worked without her knowledge as a CIA op. for 12 years. Her final post-hypnotic command was suicide, which was intervened by her husband, talk show host John Nebel. ( the book is out of print, I have a copy) It is very probable that “John Train” was programmed to kill Philip Ochs the host personality.

Another musician with repressed memory of child-hood trauma was Peter Townsend (“Who” guitarist). In 1999 it occurred to him that certain phrases from rock opera “TOMMY” were not fiction but his life. He filled in the blanks from his childhood amnesia.

CHAPTER 10
WHO KILLED THE KENNEDYS AND SAL MINEO (REBEL WITHOUT A CAUSE)

Actor Sal Mineo was stabbed to death in a parking lot after signing on to play Sirhan Sirhan in an upcoming movie regarding JFK. (CIA assassination and post-hypnotic programming were the major themes of the movie.) Elliot Mintz talk show host for ABC, later Bob Dylan and the Lennon’s publicist was buried in research with Mineo, regarding JFK killing. They became convinced Sirhan was innocent. The movie production disagreed and Mineo pulled out of the picture. After he was killed the media revealed in his secret life of bi-sexuality, and the murder was taken as homophobia. Gay Bars were closing in fear, and Hollywood stars took refuge behind locked doors.

Michael Ruppert a former LAPD officer left the department to expose his CIA trained colleagues. He claims “Sirhan was hypno-programmed using hypnosis, drugs and torture by Rev. Jerry Owen and CIA Mind-Control Specialist Wm. Bryan at the stable where he worked months before the shooting. The LAPD concealed evidence implicating the CIA in shooting. The channels of the intelligence world swarmed with crooks and killers.

Conservative Evangelist Billy Graham was Presidents Nixon’s celebrated “spiritual advisor”. Then there was LA’s gangster corrupt public servant and wealthy gambling czar Mickey Cohen.(who “claimed “to be a friend of Sal Mineo) The former hit-man Cohen contacted the press after Mineos death t o boost that he was his pal. Cohen was also chummy with Nixon, and his entourage. In 1968, Cohen was coined the godfather of the West Coast Mafia gambling ops. When Cohen was close to death he opened up to investigative reporter Chuck Ashman, and he said, “Mickey Cohen told me the tale of his being paid off to fake a conversion and dose of Christianity for Billy Grahams N.Y. crusade. Two of Graham’s staff had passed more than 10,000 dollars to Mickey and his family.” We found the dates and the amounts and even the checks” Cashmon said.

Cohen was the first bridge linking the killers of Robert Kennedy and Sal Mineo. He was on friendly terms with Carlos Marcellos, mob boss, who ran with David Ferrie, CIA corrupt ops., who was investigated by Jim Garrison in the connection of killing of JFK. Cohen was also a chum with Jack Ruby. Cohen was also a friend of Melvin Belli, Jack Ruby’s defense attorney. He also controlled the Santa Anita race-track where Sirhan was employed. Mickey Cohen’s circle of friends and his appearance in the limelight after the Mineo killing begs question on Hollywood power brokers. Sirhan and Cohen were close to Desi Arnez, (Producer) of I Love Lucy .Arnez was an anti Castro Cuban exile leader. In 1966 Sirhan wrote in his notebook that he landed a job at the stables Corona Breeding Farm co-owned by Desi Arnez, Buddy Ebsen, Dale Robertson, ultra conservatives, and TV personalities were well acquainted with Sirhan. Sirhan was known as a fervent anti-communist. Attorney, Russell Parsons, Sirhan’s attorney, showed no effort to make known that Sirhan was in the wrong position to kill senator Kennedy, he was shot from behind and Sirhan stood in front of Kennedy.

CHAPTER 11
PROJECT WALRUS..JOHN LENNON..

Mark-David Chapman chose to plead not guilty due to following the direction of his voices.. His attorney J. .Marks, punctuated the plea “by reason of insanity”. Chapman testified “I can hear their thoughts, I can hear them talking, but not from the outside, from the inside” Not one of the three psychiatrists at the trial explored the possibility of Mind-Control. In 1977 Chapman lost his fundamentalist religion and became a Satanist..

At 19, 1n 1975,Chapman signed onto the YMCA,(international camp counselor program) and was sent to Beirut where he allegedly received instructions in lethal arts at the CIA training camp school of terror. (there was a known “experiment in Mind Control unit” for the army in Lebanon.). In 1980 he surfaced in New York, and mailed a letter to an Italian address. The Dakota (residence of the Lennon’s) was given as a return address. There was a reference to his” mission ” in N.Y.. It was returned to New York, the address not found in Italy, where it sat for three years in the dead letter bin, and finally delivered to the Dakota. Yoko Ono glanced at the letter and dropped it in her deranged file. In 1983, head of security, Mahoney, found the letter. This was evidence of premeditated murder and conspiracy. The letter vanished and reappeared slightly altered, the post-date now was 1981. The “mission” statement was missing…

Elliot Mintz, friend of Sal Mineo ,was instrumental in exposing “Project Walrus” as a conspiracy regarding Lennon. He had been Lennon’s chum too and publicist since 1971 Mintz recalls that some of Yoko body guards were at the time New York Police officers.. It is very difficult for a private citizen to legally possess a weapon in New York. The people who can are off duty officers. It is thus, a common celebrity arrangement. There were many files with missing contents at Yoko’s apt. after Lennon was killed. Listening devices were planted at the Dakota and once swept clean would reappear. There had been numerous attempts on Yoko’s life. One man was arrested at airport who had made a call that he was coming to finish the job and kill Yoko and Sean. There were also calls made to tell her body guards were going to kill her. Sean Lennon said, “I grew up afraid my mother and I were going to be killed”.

After John’s murder the first promoting of Project Walrus was the ruining of his reputation. John had known he was wire-tapped and was paranoid. After Watergate he filed a lawsuit for wiretap and surveillance and made some progress. Justice Dept. never would admit it actually carried out the wiretap and blamed it on other possibilities. After he got his green card he gave up the litigation. Lennon overcame his fear of federal harassment and gave public statements that were anti-republican.

Killing Lennon was only the first step. All that he signified must be defaced. That was the principle objective of Walrus. His diaries were stolen and returned later with extra entries and some entries altered. Fred Seaman wrote a defamatory book on Lennon. Seaman was to be executive of Lennon’s archives, and much was feigned regarding their bond. He told friends he was going to discredit Ono at all costs. The goal was to drive her to a nervous breakdown and discredit her attempt to set straight the public record. The walrus crew anticipated immense profits. Dead Lennon’s money’s The events at the Dakota began to sound like the Movie “Gaslight”..( in which a husband tries to drive his wife crazy by reality distortion) Yoko began sleeping badly. One of Yoko’s assistants, wracked by stress began packing a gun at all times. He said ” you do not know how big this is. The people doing this are too big to fight.” To discredit Lennon and Yoko and the Peace movement was a major part of Operation Walrus. (but it didn’t and IT WILL NOT)

CHAPTER 12
WHAT CHA GONNA DO?..THE DEATHS OF MARLEY AND TOSH.

Quote: “Vampires do not come out to bite your neck anymore, instead they cause something destructive to happen that will spill blood., and those invisible vampires will get their meal ” Peter Tosh.

Peter Tosh , like Marley was a widely influential civil rights agitator, and like other black activists before him he was gunned down. He died in 1987 at age 43. He was upset with the treatment of his people. Tosh went to Trench Town to live with an uncle after the aunt he was living with died. It was there he met the young Bob Marley, and taught him to play guitar. They got together with Bunny Wailer and the trio called themselves the Wailin Wailers. They were drastically underpaid. Record producers are notorious for pocketing money. (dem pirates and dem thieves). Peter Tosh always let his feelings be known. He cared more about principles and morals than popularity and fame. He said “they know I do not support POLITRICKS and games, my duty is to unify the people.” He and Marlew had some wrangling and he left the group, and went on his own. Destabalsation tactics were employed, and political violence and sabotage etc. from the CIA with pernicious attempts to wreck the economy of their country.. The new weapon and the new menace was destabilization..

Bob Marley held onto the Wailer name and took on new members. The peoples National Party asked them to play at Smile Jamaica concert. He agreed.

In Nov. a death squad came to Marley’s home and started shooting. They shot bullets into his manager, and one in his wife’s’ Rita’s head , as she tried to get their 5 children out of the house. They survived. The last bullet creased Marley’s breast below his heart and drilled deep into his arm. Marley would sing “Ambush in the night, all guns aiming at me.” This did not stop them performing at the Smile Jamaica concert.. (“War”) “Until the ignoble and unhappy regimes that now hold our brothers, in Angola, in Mozambique, in subhuman bondage, have been toppled utterly destroyed…everywhere is war……

Carl Colby , son of CIA head Wm. Colby, came to the concert and posed as crew and got back stage where he gave a gift to Marley, a pair of boots. Former black Panther Lee Lew-Lee was close to Marley and he thinks Marley’s cancer started with the boots He claims there was a link of copper wire attached to the boots, which hurt his foot when he tried them on and had to be removed..(it might have been treated chemically with a carcinogenic toxin. Marley later broke his toe and found out it was cancerous, it spread. He did not trust main-stream medicine and continued to perform. He knew by 1977 he was dying and compressed a lifetime of music into a few years

Something of a Caribbean CIA POGROM was underway via Kissinger and Co. There was emphasis on psychological Ops. which became arson, banking assassination disruption of the now Manley’s democratic socialist rule. Political violence was stoked and arsenal of weapons supplied. This was all mostly financed by Hard Drugs, which disrupted the Rasta movement and marijuana. They wanted it legalized. Their chosen weapon in the Rasta Movement was free expression and they were crucified for it. Tosh was busted and beaten almost to death and it made his music more vengeful.. Secret Police and the CIA tailed him thru it all. Grotesque human rights violations were commonplace. Marley found out he had a brain tumor. He sang ” these songs of freedom is all I ever had, emancipate yourself from MENTAL SLAVERY. “He was observed rubbing his forehead and grimacing while performing. One woman explained “Hidden lasers were fixed to spotlights above the stage and burned out his brain” Fellow
Rasta’s heard about an alternative doctor in Jamaica, who advised Marley to talk to a Doctor Josef Issels, a holistic immuno therapist in a Bavarian village. He went. The Dr. said “I hear you are one of the most dangerous black men in the world.” Issels medical career did not hold up under scrutiny, during WW2 he had worked hand in hand with Dr. Mengele (angel of death) in research in Poland, at the Auschwitz camp. The Wailers found this out after his death.

Issels told Bob he could cure him and did sadistic procedures that left him in agony. After visits the Wailor’s said “he is killing Bob” He also cut off his dreadlocks. He was in the hands of the doctor who had been the accomplice of Mengele in horrific Medical experiments against what they considered “sub humans”. His mother said ” he was starving and wasting away , and he would fall into fits of shaking, etc” Marley weighed 82 pounds on the day of his death. May 11, 1980. (HIS MUSIC LIVES ON)

Peter Tosh found the bloodshed and hypocrisy of death squad justice in the Third World unbearable He was obsessed with the hidden evil. By 1987 the year of Tosh murder Jamaica musicians were censored by the prevailing politics. Witnesses and friends insist his murder was a political hit. They were convinced Tosh was killed for his statements on Human Rights, Black liberation and the legalization of Marijuana. Tosh was throwing a small party at home when Mike Robertson, a local radio host answered the door. Leppo Leppan, an old buddy from Trenchtown days stepped in. Behind him were two clean-cut looking strangers, professional hit men, they insisted on talking to Tosh at gunpoint. Shots were fired and three people were dead.

Shortly afterward the N.Y. City apartment of Tosh was entered and burglarized, (such as the aftermath of Hendrix death). Two out of three of the Tosh killers remain at large. One hit man was said to be a policeman, (of course Leppan was convicted.)

Chapter 13 GANG WAR Sons of Chaos.

Rap artist Tupac Shakur was gunned down at a stop-light in Las Vegas in 1996. It will be evident re: the police strategy of disinformation, ignoring of witnesses, and the presence of undercover agents from L.A. and N.Y. at the murder of rapper Notorious B.I.G.

This suggests that both rappers were murdered by hit squads under the sanction of federal officers. Tupac’s father said “It was clear to me form day one that the Las Vegas police never had any interest in solving the case of my sons murder..”.. It was said ” we dealt extensively with COINTELPRO (FBI) issues. We worked around a lot of political prisoners and the black liberation movement over the years. This shaped Tupac into the person he was. The family operated the “Centre for Black Survival! They had a youth group called “The New African Panthers” and Tupac became the chairperson for it.”

The agony of the Rap industry was exacerbated in March 1997 by killing 24 yr. old Brooklyn rap artist Notorious B.I.G. in L.A. This happened after he had attended the annual ‘Soul Train’ Music awards, by an unidentified gunman. Tupacs father said in a letter (excerpt)”we do know that Brother Biggie was a part of an industry that has been under attack from the highest form of government officials.” ” They have targeted Tupac, Sister Souljah, and IceT. Ice Cube, just to name a few. This is reportedly due to the content of the lyrics. “IF” this was the case why would devil-worshippers (music-artists) not be hounded out also?????(They openly worship the devil in a so-called God fearing country.) Their lyrics preach mayhem, destruction. Death to parents, and even government; whereas our rapper loved-ones wanted to explain their pain and identify from where they came, with hopes for a better tomorrow; if all things were fair.

We believe that history has demonstrated that the murders of black people (young and old) who can have a profound impact, those who refuse to bow down, have been targeted by government at its highest level.

What we must understand is that our warriors are needed when it has been proven beyond contradiction that the C.I.A. were principal importers of Crack Cocaine and Cocaine into the ‘HOOD’, with blatantly racist drug laws, to set into motion tactics of genocide to destroy or lock away our brothers and sisters or the rest of their lives.

Pay attention to the game that is being played on/against us! SEARCH FOR TRUTH! Don’t look at who shot them, but why? Don’t be fooled by the media that has never shown real concern for our welfare. DR. MUTULU SHAKUR

Mutulu Shakur’s conviction that SECRET POLICE killed his stepson and Notorious B.I.G. proves to be increasingly feasible.

Chapter 14 FALSE GOD SYNDROME

DEATH OF MICHAEL HUTCHENE

…. 1997—–M. Hutchence was found tethered by his neck to a door frame. He too was an activist, who willed the lion share of his fortune to Amnesty International and the Green Party. He was found at the Ritz-Carleton in Sydney Australia. The media concocted scenes of SM but he was found with a broken hand and lacerations and had taken a bad beaten. His friends said he was not depressed and he was against suicide. There were rumors of the “MOB” involved in his investments possibly unknown to him. He died penniless due to investments and trusts and his family had to fight for his money.

He knew Gianni Versace, famous designer who was gunned down, and was also said to be possibly mafia involved, although he denied it angrily (A dead mourning bird was found by the Versace body, a symbol of a hit-man).

Diana Spencer, the Princess of Wales, and a month before her own death attended the funeral of Versace. As it happened another friend of Hutchence was Dodi Fayed , someone said to have mob links. Dodi’s uncle was arms dealer Adnan Khashoggi of the Iran-Contra Fame.

Dodi and Diana were killed in a car accident four months before Hutchence died.

THE DEEP POLITIICS OF MUSIC

Roger Bunn director of the Music Industry, Human Rights Assoc. (MIHRA), in the U>K> lives in the eye of the corporate music beast. These are excerpts from letters form Bunn:

“Re: M. Hutchene…”so that’s it, huh? Death due to hanging? Sort of unusual that…even for the music industry. Those wonderful featured artist really light up the sky every now and then. Maybe we should consider making the poor darlings an endangered species? When they reach their peak it probably means worth more to the conglomerates dead than live. Think about that next time you go out to buy your conglomerate primitive/folk music, or a well-known movie…. you add strength to the cartel Monopoly. The music industry turns over 120 billion dollars a year. In the music industry there is no such thing as Real Competition”.

“Music Industry Is The Richest Industry On The Planet. By providing the public with a marketing of.

FALSE GOD SYNDROME

When artists “usefulness” to a conglomerate is over things can get a little sticky. (End of quote)

MY NOTE……THIS PROJECT OF SUMMARIZING THIS BOOK HAS BEEN ONE CLOSE TO MY HEART, SINCE I HAVE LOVED MANY MUSICIANS (AND WORLD OF FAME PEOPLE) UP CLOSE AND FROM AFAR. I HAVE SEEN HOW THE WORLD OF FAME WORKS AND I THINK IT IS SOMETHING THE PUBLIC SHOULD KNOW. THEY ARE PEOPLE FIRST AND FOREMOST AND HAVE ALL THE SAME TRIALS AND TRIBULATIONS THAT WE HAVE, (AS CAN BE SEEN BY ALEX CONSTANTINES BOOK.). MY GRATITUDE TO YOU ALEX…..

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Laser cutting features a powerful laser beam, generally around 0.010-0.020 in. in diameter and delivers thousands of watts of pure cutting power. Some of today’s higher-powered laser cutting machines can generate an upwards of 6,000 watts! At one point, it was unimaginable to consider cutting even 10mm steel effectively, but now laser cutting allows for up to 25mm steel to be cut with general ease.

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CNC (computer numerical control) laser cutting,

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This garden project will fulfill multiple purposes for the Eckerd community. First, to educate the community and provide, as a learning tool, knowledge of medicinal plants that are commonly taken today without strict regulatory standards. And second, to educate the community about self subsistence and sustainable agriculture. The garden will have a strong ethnobotanical focus, pertaining to the medicinal benefits of various plants, exotic and nati

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Grass Roots Music Marketing

grass roots music marketing, shows how people with a common vision can do great things.

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Arts & Entertainment>
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Aug 08, 2008
lViews: 305

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http://www.musicandartblog.com greening, music festivals, tech utopias

How To Make Garden Compost – World Best Compost

Guest — Sun, 20 Mar 2011 04:26:01 +0000

by cogdogblog

How To Make Garden Compost – World Best Compost

How To Make Garden Compost – World Best Compost

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Home Page > Home Improvement > Gardening > How To Make Garden Compost – World Best Compost

How To Make Garden Compost – World Best Compost

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Posted: Apr 12, 2010 |Comments: 0
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We people should be into a sort of eco-friendly attitude. It is important for us to put into considerations what might happen to mother earth when the time comes that it cannot already take all the people are doing to the environment. We would still be the one whom would suffer, so it would be better if we help save it hand by hand for our own future benefit. How to make garden compost?

Click Here For World Best Compost Instant Access Now!

Compost is generally recommended as an additive to soil, or other matrices such as coir and peat, as a tilth improver, supplying humus and nutrients. It provides a rich growing medium, or a porous, absorbent material that holds moisture and soluble minerals, providing the support and nutrients in which plants can flourish, although it is rarely used alone, being primarily mixed with soil, sand, grit, bark chips, vermiculite, perlite, or clay granules to produce loam.

We should know that on how to make garden compost, we would need a lot of patience for it could really help save the environment. We would observe recycling and reusing some materials at the same time we really could lessen cutting down trees.

World best compost is a combination of decomposed plant and animal materials and other organic materials that are being decomposed largely through aerobic decomposition into a rich black soil. The process of composting is simple and practiced by individuals in their homes, farmers on their land, and industrially by industries and cities.

The composting process can take from 2 months to 2 years, depending on the materials used and the effort involved. To accelerate the process, the pile must be a balance between wet and dry material, turn it frequently and make sure the waste is shredded or in small pieces. Compost is ready to be used when it is dark in color, crumbly and has an “earthy” smell.

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How To Make A Compost – World Best Compost

There are easy ways to learn on how to make a compost. We should always remember that don’t add thick layers of any one kind of waste. Grass should not be more than 6 cm deep, leaves up to 15 cm deep (cut or chop or dry and crumble them). If you can, let grass dry first or mix it with dry, coarse material such as leaves to prevent compacting.

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World Best Compost – Compost Making Review

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Tropical Plants And Plumeria Care In Temperate Climates

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Chemically Removing Tree Stumps

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Hepa Air Purifier Review- Important Knowledge Base For Ionizer Air Purifier

If you’re searching for data about hepa air purifier review, you will find the below similar article really useful. It gives a refreshing perspective that is much related to hepa air purifier review and in some demeanour related to oreck xl air purifier,true hepa air purifiers or ionic columns,hunter hepatech 174 729 air purifier 2.

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Automatic Trimming Machine

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Patio Umbrellas an Easy way to Relax in sunny afternoon

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John Fay Aquaponics – Hydroponic Gardening Review

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This author writes about How To Make A Compost and World Best Compost.

Q&A: For all u gardening “experts”, what are the best ways to garden and what about compost?

Green Gift Ideas for Father’s Day

Guest — Sat, 19 Mar 2011 02:26:37 +0000

Green Gift Ideas for Father’s Day

Green Gift Ideas for Father’s Day

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Green Gift Ideas for Father’s Day

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With Father’s Day just around the corner, it’s time to make plans for the traditions that make the day memorable: breakfast in bed, homemade cards and crafts, and possibly a little indulgence for that special dad. This year consider going green with a gift that will resonate with the lifestyle and interests of the fathers on your list. From AusPen non-toxic markers to food shares at a local organic farm to eco-friendly diaper bags, this list is sure to give you ideas on how to give to dad without forgetting about Mother Earth.

For the culinary type: Treat dad with some organic coffee beans and a ceramic or porcelain thermal travel mug to call his own. For a special evening out, consider going to a restaurant that features organic foods or follows the 100 mile diet. For a longer-lasting meal, buy shares with a community supported agriculture (CSA) group for locally-grown veggies and fruit.

For the hard-working type: Get the fathers on your list their own AusPen non-toxic dry-erase marker kits for the office or classroom. They’ll love having their own set of markers that are refillable and made of recycled aluminum and that cut down on waste and toxic marker fumes.

For the gardening type: Try a compost bin, or embellishments for an outdoor space, such as an ornament, garden statue or wind chimes. If you have a green thumb, plant some herbs, flowers, shrubs or a tree in dad’s garden. If he loves enviro-gadgets, he will certainly appreciate a garden hose spray nozzle that uses an LCD display to monitor outdoor water use. No garden at home? Think about donating toward the protection of land and animals with an agency like the Nature Conservancy or World Wildlife Fund.

For the dad-on-the-go type: Pamper dad with new eco-friendly threads or totes. Send him on his way in style with a bamboo briefcase, organic outdoor wear from outlets like Patagonia, or Rovia shoes made of 100% leather from free range, expired Ethiopian cows and goats. Don’t forget the new dads and soon-to-be dads on your list. Most baby boutiques will stock masculine-looking diaper and messenger bags made of recycled rubber or organic cotton.

No matter which green gifts you choose, the fathers you are honoring will certainly appreciate the eco-values you are supporting, especially if the gift is topped off with a personal touch such as photos, sincere words and some quality time. If it’s the thought that counts, going green for Father’s Day conveys that extra measure thoughtfulness.

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Maureen O’Neill -
About the Author:

Maureen O’Neill writes on green topics for EcoSmart Products, the North American distributor of AusPen non-toxic, refillable markers made from recycled aluminum. One AusPen starter kit of 6 markers and their refill inks is worth the equivalent of 246 disposable markers, at 70% the cost.

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Top Worst Tech Gifts for Dads

Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/parenting-articles/green-gift-ideas-for-fathers-day-2604028.html

Article Tags:
green gifts, green fathers day gifts, going green fathers day, auspen non toxic markers, eco friendly fathers day gifts, unique fathers day gifts

The tech gadgets you should definitely not buy for Dad this Father’s Day. (02:39)

How to Choose a Fathers Day Gift

Learn which fathers day gift would be best for you and your mother. (00:55)

Father’s Day Gifts on a Budget

Join Better.TV’s Lesley Nagy and expert Cindy Piccoli to look at great Father’s Day gift ideas on a budget. (03:20)

Father’s Day Gifts for the Photographer Dad

With Father’s Day approaching, Gear Daddy brings you some great ideas for Father’s Day Gifts for the dad photographers in your family. Daddy Troy recommends a number of digital camera accessories for your digital camera, cell phone camera, and SLR camera. Check out the demonstration of some photography iphone apps including the Autostitch and Best Camera apps. Other gift ideas include the Eyefi wireless SD card, a camera extender, a DiCAPac waterproof camera case, polarizing filter and others. (05:16)

Father’s Day Gift Ideas and Gadgets Effects on Society

Better.TV Hot Topic – Father’s Day Gift Ideas and does gadgets make are less sympathetic. (03:33)

Natural Ways to Induce Labor – How to Bring on Labor Naturally Starting Today

Luckily, there are natural ways to induce labor. You can bring on labor early and you can do this from the home. All you need are some different products and methods that will really work for you. You won’t have to spend a lot of money and your mind can be put at ease as you will know that the baby will be safe.

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How to Save Paper and Go Green at School: 3 Easy Tips to Re-Think Paper

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Top 10 Green Valentine’s Day Gifts for Women and Men – From AusPen Eco-Friendly Markers

Education>
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The 2010 Holiday Green Gift Guide

Relationships>
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Jan 13, 2011

Celebrate the holidays this year with green gifts for the office and home. Use AusPen’s 2010 Holiday Green Gift Guide to give you ideas for a greener holiday. From non-toxic, refillable markers to Fair Trade beauty products to recycled outdoor rugs, this list is sure to give you ideas on how to remember those on your list without forgetting about Mother Earth.

San Francisco Green Festival – Green Products and Solutions for Sustainability

Home and Family>
Holidaysl
Nov 23, 2010

Eco enthusiasts, sustainability professionals and green exhibitors will gather at the 9th Annual San Francisco Green Festival, November 6 & 7, 2010 for the best in green shopping, cuisine, education and innovation. The weekend conference will showcase innovative products and services from green school supplies, to organic foods to eco-fashion. AusPen eco-friendly markers is proud to attend the Green Festival as one of the many green exhibitors offering solutions for a more sustainable lifestyle.

Campus Initiatives for Sustainable Schools – AASHE Conference for Sustainability in Higher Education

News and Society>
Environmentl
Nov 03, 2010

Sustainability professionals and educators gather at North America’s largest campus sustainability conference to exchange ideas and explore tools to create a more sustainable campus. The Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education (AASHE) is the host of the conference in Denver, Colorado October 10-12, 2010, offering plenary talks, workshops and a green exhibitor hall. AusPen eco-friendly markers is a proud member of AASHE and is pleased to exhibit at the conference,

How to Green Your School in 5 Creative Steps

Education>
College and Universityl
Oct 07, 2010

If your school’s environmental activities seem a little boring, formulaic, or under-achieving, read these ideas for going green at school. With an emphasis on fun and community, these 5 creative steps will get everyone involved in activities like creating awards, choosing non-toxic school supplies, and working within a tribe to make your school more eco-friendly.

Refillable Markers for a Retro Back to School Look

Education>
K-12 Educationl
Sep 09, 2010

Young consumers are finding ways to marry their passion for all things green with their love of vintage products. Non-toxic, refillable markers are one way Generation Y is conserving natural resources, reducing toxic exposure and getting the look of the original refillable pens. Going green now has a retro look.

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Green School Supplies – A Back to School Guide for Students Going Green

Looking for ways to tap into the market of green school supplies rather than tapping natural resources? Back to school shopping can be an opportunity to make the switch from conventional resource-intensive products to modern eco-friendly school supplies, and start the year on the right foot. Turning to some alternative school supplies will steer you away from harmful toxins and wasteful products and help you create a greener, healthier 2010/11 school year.

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Aug 11, 2010

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Green Gift Ideas For Father’s Day

How to Love Your Wife- The Lost Art Of Romance

Guest — Fri, 18 Mar 2011 00:26:27 +0000

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How to Love Your Wife- The Lost Art Of Romance

How to Love Your Wife- The Lost Art Of Romance

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How to Love Your Wife- The Lost Art Of Romance

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Posted: Jun 11, 2010 |Comments: 0
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In this day and age romance is a thing of the past. Everything these days has to be fast. You know fast food, 1 hour photo processing, drive though banking, drive through pharmacy, microwaves, instant everything, and premade this or that just heat and serve.

What’s next drive through sex in your marriages? You almost have that now, ever heard of cybersex. This is really nothing but a colorful name for masturbation.

In the area of love and relationships it’s just Wham Bam Thank You Mam. Just Get it n go.

They kiss a couple minutes, start having sex in 3 or 4 minutes they blow and go and back to business as usual.

There are no sweet words exchanged, no foreplay, no lovin, touchin, squeezin. They should spend at least an hour on foreplay alone. The older one gets the more valuable and pleasurable foreplay becomes. As we get older we move into a position where we don’t have to keep looking out the window in the back seat to see if the cops are coming.

People, hey knock knock, we need to bring romance back into our relationships and marriages. This could keep so many of those dead marriages alive.

Married people on the other hand could have what is known as quickies.

They have quick little sex session’s before work and give each other a quick orgasm to last until they get home, its suppose to send them off to work with a smile.

No one wants a marriage like Al and Peg Bundy. That’s just a sick joke and slap in the face to real marriages. Yes the show was cute, but it wouldn’t be in real life. And there are many real life marriages out there like that and these people are miserable, and many wind up cheating on each other, and along with cheating comes lying.

Start doing unexpected things for your wife. If she doesn’t appreciate it or respond with love in return then she has serious issues likewise for the husband too.

Buy your girlfriend or wife a surprise gift, right out of the blue, when it’s not a special occasion and they are not expecting it. No to all you tight wads it doesn’t have to be expensive. It’s the thought that counts, but don’t be too cheap theres no love in that either.

Gifts for no reason at all spells ROMANCE and ATTRACTION, at least for normal women it does. I’ve had some women that were thrilled an ecstatic every time I wrote them a poem or gave them a card, many times I made them a card.

Its always good to take your woman to a classy restaurant with a dark corner and candles and fine wine.

But on the other side of the coin, cook her a nice meal, NO not burger and fries, make her a real meal, open some wine, light some sexy smelling candles, turn the music down low.

Have her a warm bubble bath drawn when she comes home with a glass of wine tub side so she can unwind in style, who knows you may get invited to join her.

A man and woman cuddling in a warm sudsy bath is a romantic and relaxing way to show and share your love. Get some of those relaxing music CDs that they play when you get a massage, guaranteed to sooth the savage beast.

Be spontaneous; take a long late night drive to no where. This holds mystery and excitement to see where you will wind up next. Will it be the next county and a starry lake, or a drive down a dark country road, will you see mountains or might you hear the rumble of ocean waves around the next bend.

This is a mystery ride because you have no destination, no place to be, you just wind up where you wind up. And these rides make wonderful quality time to have serious in depth heart to heart talks, it’s a great time together, and since its late all the people of the world are in bed and you have the whole road to yourself

A drive is so peaceful when all the rat race noise makers, horn honkers, subwoofer freaks and speed demons have gone to bed. You can enjoy your ride together without having somebody riding your bumper trying to push you out of the way. It’s a wonderful experience and a great time to make future plans together.

Do something different park at the lake look up at the stars, hug and kiss, play with each other, make love in the car, this is your time, enjoy it, no rush no fuss.

Be mysterious do the unexpected, speak out I love you’s just because you do not because you have to. Send I love you text messages while she’s at work and things you want to do to her.

Send her sexy texts while she cooks dinner and you’re in the other room, or anytime she’s in a different part of the house, send sweet messages. This oozes romance and love. Romance is not all about roses, cards and candy, that’s TV romance.

There’s nothing wrong with it, it’s all good, but there’s so much more to it than that. There’s so many other ways to romance your woman, the sky and your imagination’s the limit.

Strategically place little love notes around the house for her to find from time to time, like in her panty drawer, pocket book or make up case. Don’t do it so often that it looses its charm, but do it from time to time, as you feel it in your heart. These are romantic little reminders to her heart that her husband still loves her and was thinking about her enough to take his time and do these nice things to make her day and give her a smile.

Start fore playing your wife anywhere and everywhere when she least expects it. Don’t be predictable, but be unexpected. Come up behind her while she cooks dinner, cup her boobs, kiss her neck, and lick her ears.

She likes to know she can still turn you on enough for you to want to turn her on. This kitchen kissing will be a totally unexpected surprise for her.

Rub over her body as she stands stirring the beans, Rub her bottom end as she looks in the oven.

Put your hand down the back of her pants and give a rub to her tub.. Hug her from behind holding her breast, tweak her nipples as you kiss her on the neck whispering I love you, then as quickly and as silently as you came you leave.

And that you just you are leaving those thoughts in her mind.

This is a loving and an unexpected romantic pleasure a husband can do for his wife anytime most anywhere and any way his mind and heart chooses to bless her. And likewise the wife can do the same for her husband.

This is more like what a man would do for his women in the beginning of a relationship, so keep it alive always revive, 10 years later you still need that loving spark of spice and romance. Remember a spark can make a blaze. Our bodies may grow old but the person inside is not, they still have the same loves, desires and needs.

Don’t ever refuse your wife sex because to do so is unbiblical. The bible says do not withhold sex from your spouse, because it already belongs to them. When two people are married they become one and you own each others bodies and the right to the sex belongs to you too.

So no fake headaches and no back ache excuses, I’m tired is not a valid excuse. I don’t want to is not a valid excuse. When the wife or husband wants what is theirs you give it.

So never refuse your wife sex, if don’t have an erection then use your other tool. Your wife’s satisfaction is just in an inch under your nose. So give her some pleasure and feed her rose.

Trust, honesty, affection and romance are the most important things in your marriage. These belong to both of you and you are entitled to be loved the way God intended it to be.

Give your marriage and love life a fresh start. Give life to your marriage, start romancing your spouse today. They will love you for it and you will stay in their mind.

Remember romance is much more than just flowers and candy.

6-11-2010 Friday 8:14am Timothy Edward Wilhelm

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The poetic and thematic impact of Lorca’s poems on Shamlou’s poetry

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The poetic and thematic impact of Lorca’s poems on Shamlou’s poetry

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The poetic and thematic impact of Lorca’s poems on Shamlou’s poetry

Shokofeh Raeesi

Introduction

Federico Garcia Lorca (1898-1936) is perhaps the most important Spanish poet, dramatist, musician of the twentieth century. He was born in Granada in 1899 and he was assassinated in 1936 after Spanish civil war. He was an outstanding lyric poet of European literature. “Perhaps his greatest achievement was his ability to avoid the trapping of a superficial folksy style by skillfully combining traditional popular motifs with a modern sensibility”(Soto, Francisco).

His evocative lyrical ambiguity through the use of different symbols underlines an obscurity that makes the reader thinks and comes up with different interpretation as a struggle to explore the enigmas of his poems.

Lorca in his poetry combined traditional or typical customs of Spanish culture with intertwining the surrealistic poetical and thematic tactics to transfer the social and cultural attitudes against the injustice about woman, black people, and minority.

His poetry have been translated into different languages and have been the object of study by critics all over the world.

“Few poets write of desire with such a passionate delicacy as Federico Garcia Lorca. Lyric, erotic and savage, his poems celebrate the anguish of absence, the bittersweet longing for what cannot be possessed” (Alison Croggon.)

Ahmad Shamlou(1925 —2000) , Iran’s most prominent contemporary poet ,recognized internationally, was a poet, writer, and journalist.

Shamlou’s poetry is complex, but his imagery, which constructs the significant part of his message and aesthetical feature is simple. “For infrastructure and impact, he uses a kind of everyday imagery in which personified oxymoronic elements are spiked with an unreal combination of the abstract and the concrete thus far unprecedented in Persian poetry”

He is widely known as one of the effective Iranian poet that his fruitful years of his writing and translating helped to introduce many world authors and poets to Iran.

His six-volume (The Book of the streets) is a main contribution in understanding the Iranian folklore beliefs and language.

His poetry has been translated into several languages; Shamlou is deeply influenced by Garcia Lorca,

Now I will discuss the poetic and aesthetic impact of Lorca’s poems on Shamlou poetry.

Analysis of impact of Lorca’s poems on Shamlou’s poetry

We can consider the Lorca’s poems as an abstract art in which the meaning is conveyed through less literal rendering (denotative meaning) and through more combination of colors, feelings, and rhythm with impressive juxtaposition of the incongruous images directly or indirectly to prove his surrealistic ideology that is cleverly hidden in language of his poems.

In Lorca’s poems, the human emotions and nature characteristics are interrelated.

The close relation between human and nature is inspired by his delicate use of words such as, the tree, river, moon, nightingale, and etc.

Lorca’s poems are based on amalgam of natural themes and deep human emotions along with a surreal mixture and complication of such a close relation through inseparable strings of recursion of the images. Few poems you can find without such an interaction of forms and meanings.

Influenced by Lorca, Shamlou, the Persian poet, writer, and translator known for his complex prose and simple ,lively and colorful images in his poems. This influence created a new point of view poetically, culturally and politically which made his poems understood by many western people in literature. The significant themes created by Shamlou’s poems are common in Lorca’s poems and they are love, passion and affection along with social and political attitudes. Both poets transferred the meaning of freedom as one of the important theme by desiring to administer the justice in their country.

Shamlou, like Lorca, tried to highlight the role of music or natural rhythm hidden behind the structure of sepid poetry with the use of figure of speech such as , symbols, oxymorons, natural images and personifications to mix the prose- like form with poetical distinction to create a unique and outstanding atmosphere.

Romanticism and emotional impact of Lorca’s poems together with surrealistic features influenced Shamlou to create love poems that are unique and somehow weird to Persian readers.

Combination of allegory and abstraction together with cultural and poetical universal themes contribute to rich mode of expressions and aesthetical textures of both poets.

“Shamlou became a great poet of love, a poet as well of the natural world. But it was a love and a nature infused with a mystical otherness”

O Fairy in human form
whose body would not burn
except in the fire of illusion
your presence is a paradise
justifying escape from hell
it is an ocean overwhelming me
to wash me clean
of every lie
and of every sin.
And the dawn awakens by your hands.
- From Aida in the Mirror (trans. E. Kho’i)

Lorca defines his love and affection to his beloved through combination of nature with delicate feeling behind his words

No one understood the perfume
of the dark magnolia of your womb.
Nobody knew that you tormented
a hummingbird of love between your teeth

A thousand Persian little horses fell asleep
in the plaza with moon of your forehead,
while through four nights I embraced
your waist, enemy of the snow

Everyday speech style of these two poets and the exclusive power of wording, description, wonderful imaging and emotional portraying the message through the intense natural images are common features that distinguished their works from simple stereotyped rendering in their era.

Distancing from traditional poetry and going beyond what a romantics and surrealist reader expects to satiate the feeling of their curiosity and uniqueness of Shamlou’s poems is possibly influenced by the ambitious and insatiable spirit of Lorca’s poems but with lessoning their ambiguity and complication in some ways.Lorca and Shamlou’s poems are admired because of their deep concepts of liberality, love, affection and passion.

Some of common figures of speech used both in Lorca’s and Shamlou’s poems

Now I will discuss the common figures of speech used by Shamlou and Lorca to clarify the artistic and poetic impact of Lorca on Shamlou. I represented them by giving some evidences and examples in both Lorca and Shamlou’s poems.

The highlighted words show poetical literary personification.

Personification in Lorca’s poems:

Adam

Adam dreams in the fever of the clay
of a child who comes galloping
through the double pulse of his cheek

City That Does Not Sleep

The living iguanas will come and bite the men who do not dream,
and the man who rushes out with his spirit broken will meet on the
street corner
the unbelievable alligator quiet beneath the tender protest of the
stars.

Another day
we will watch the preserved butterflies rise from the dead
and still walking through a country of gray sponges and silent boats

Personification in Shamlou’s poem:

From “Bagh-e Ayeneh” first published in the anthology Bagh-e Ayeneh (Garden of Mirrors), 1956:

Within the wild cries of the lightening

As-if in plain conception of the rains

in the restless womb of the clouds,

Within the silent pain of the vines

when the embryo of grape growing on the end of their limbs,

Trans. MARYAM DILMAGHANI

فریادهای عاصیِ آذرخش ــ
هنگامی که تگرگ
در بطنِ بی‌قرارِ ابر
نطفه می‌بندد

و دردِ خاموش‌وارِ تاک ــ
هنگامی که غوره‌ی خُرد
در انتهای شاخسارِ طولانیِ پیچ‌پیچ جوانه می‌زند

Symbols in Lorca’s poem:

Gacela of the Dark Death

I want to sleep the dream of the apples,
to withdraw from the tumult of cemetries.
I want to sleep the dream of that child
who wanted to cut his heart on the high seas

I want to sleep awhile,
awhile, a minute, a century;
but all must know that I have not died;
that there is a stable of gold in my lips;
that I am the small friend of the West wind;
that I am the intense shadows of my tears

Here “apples” are a symbol of “Garden Of Eden”, and the “child” symbolizes the ” renewal” and regeneration. Another symbol used by Lorca in this poem is “stable of gold” as reference of Christ’s nativity and “west wind” as spring.( Robert C. Allen) Lorca delicately symbolized what he thought not in a an clear way but he wanted to apply the symbols and words that are in nature have complexity of duality of meanings. For instance, the child also represents a possible lover, the “high seas” also have underlying meaning as “death”, and the “stable of gold” also implies the wild violence of horses. This kind of symbolizing shows the heavy ambiguity and obscurity behind the symbols in Lorca’s poems and sometimes it is difficult to clarify the meaning certainly.

Now I will refer to the Shamlou’s poem, “Vasl”, first published in the anthology Lahzeh-ha va Hamisheh (Eternity and Moments) ,1964 that contains the symbols that the poet, like Lorca, used them to represent some meaning. But here we can say that possibly Shamlou didn’t use the symbols with the complexity of duality of meanings.

Symbols in Shamlou’s poem:

It is me,

Pulling out the nails

with my bare teeth

Yet holding wide open arms

آنک منم
میخِ صلیب از کفِ دستان به دندان برکنده

Here “the nails” is symbols of agony of poet and he struggled to fight with this agony produced by the oppression of sphere in his era.

Now

It is me,

standing by the broken cross

high, straight

lifted like a wail

آنک منم
پا بر صلیبِ باژگون نهاده
با قامتی به بلندیِ فریاد

As an allusion to the event of crucifying the Jesus in Christianity, poet likens himself to Jesus that had been oppressed by ignorant people. Shamlou symbolized “Broken cross” as defeated sphere and suppressed difficulties in his lifetime.

No!

I could never believe the dark.

For the hope of a window,

at the end of such tight pass way,

was always shining in my heart

Trans. MARYAM DILMAGHA

هرگز شب را باور نکردم
چرا که
در فراسوهای دهلیزش
به امیدِ دریچه‌یی
دل بسته بودم

Here Shamlou uses “the night” possibly as a symbol of “oppression” and “subjugation”.

OXYMORON: A rhetorical figure in which incongruous or contradictory terms are combined

Oxymoron elements in Lorca’s poems:

Aroblé, Aroblé…

The girl with the pretty face
keeps on picking olives
with the grey arm of the wind
wrapped around her waist.
Tree, tree
dry and green

Before the Dawn

Upon the green night
the piercing saetas
leave traces of warm
lily.

Adam

A tree of blood soaks the morning
where the newborn woman groans

Oxymoron elements in Shamlou’s poems:

From “Bagh-e Ayeneh” first published in the anthology Bagh-e Ayeneh (Garden of Mirrors), 1956.

Your bliss

is merciless indeed,

yet so gracious

And your breath

striking over the palm of my hands

feels like a green song

Trans. MARYAM DILMAGHANI

شادیِ تو بی‌رحم است و بزرگوار
نفس‌ات در دست‌های خالیِ من ترانه و سبزی‌ست

From “Safar” first published in the anthology Phoenix in The Rain in 1966

It surely was a sea

And It surely was dead and dead for a long while

For its falling frail sky

was a grey roof over the spotless stillness

of winds, of waves and of its moist rays of light) sunlight: my translation)

with no sign of the breathing of any star

The sun in that land,

was swinging in the vastness of sphere

ceaselessly wandering around a fearful doubt

a fearful doubt: to rise or to fall.

Trans. MARYAM DILMAGHANI

به دریایی مرده درآمدیم
                            با آسمان سربیِ كوتاهش
كه موج و باد را
به سكونی جاودانه
مسخ كرده بود،
و آفتابی رطوبت‌زده
كه در فراخیِ بی‌تصمیمیِ خویش
                                        سرگردانی می‌كشید
در تردیدِ میانِ فرونشستن و برخاستن
به ولنگاری
            یله بود

The concept of “love” in Lorca’s and Shamlou’s poems.

The Lorca’s poems are the very poem of love. The words of love create the bridge between human feeling and external world.

Lorca is skillful at making the equivalence of word and feeling seem real. Language, desire, the elemental and the more-than-real blend together. In Lorca’s works, love inevitably points to question of power, oppression, repression , subjectivity and identity: “there is no longer a Lorca without Foucault and Freud , without feminism, theories of body, between various emerging eroticism”(Bristow,pp.197-228)

Creating an unstable but highly persuasive equivalence between love, nature and sexuality, Lorca’s technical construction of equivalence of sign and feeling, “sex”, ‘love’ and ‘nature’ surprised modern readers, who was producing ideas and images at a time their minds are making the psycho relation between these elements while reading the poems. The equivalences used by Lorca also tend to misrepresent the scope of Lorca’s writing on love, ignoring the fact , especially in the poetry there is wide ‘variety of perspectives on love’(Walters,p.191)

Lorca is strong on companionship, on spiritual love, on love as commitment to others and to the fight against social injustice about women, homosexual men and black people (Ucelay, p.97).

However, sometimes, the complexity of love description takes the reader away from bodily conceptualizations.

As maintained by Feal Deibe (1973), violence of unrequited passion between men and women in Lorca’s work is attributable to fear of the woman .

The ‘sonnet of the Garland of Roses’ works with sudden contrast, indicates discrepancy in the exchange of Love (Anderson 1990, p.313)

Another of his attitude toward love was his homosexual feelings.

As his writings of homosexual feeling we can refer to: “Ode to Walt Whitman,” the dramatic piece ”The Public”, and the unfinished ”The Destruction of Sodom”.

“Ode to Walt Whitman,” published in Mexico in 1934 in a limited edition of fifty copies, but never published in Spain during Lorca’s lifetime. It indicates the poet’s own contradictions respecting homosexuality. “The ode represents a moralistic tone by making a clear distinction between a pure and desexualized homosexual love”.

Now I would represent some evidences of different meanings and manifestations of the concept of love in Lorca’s poems.

Ditty of First Desire

In the green morning
I wanted to be a heart.
A heart.

(Soul,
turn orange-colored.
Soul,
turn the color of love.)

Songs, 1921-1924
translated by Alan S. Trueblood

در صبح سبز

می خواهم یک عشق باشم

می خواهم عشق باشم

روح ام سرخ شد

روح ام رنگ عشق شد

Here perhaps we can feel the satisfaction of Lorca with love but there is no specific beloved here the poet is serious about his love and insisted on that as a volition. He wants to fall in love (positive attitude toward love), but in the next poem I will show the exact carnal and erotic meaning of love in Lorca’s poems that confuses the reader.

In “faithless wife” he shows lust and carnal desire to the woman that had husband but she pretended that she is a maiden.

In the farthest street corners
I touched her sleeping breasts
and they opened to me suddenly
like spikes of hyacinth.
The starch of her petticoat
sounded in my ears
like a piece of silk
rent by ten knives

در گوشه‌ي دنج خيابان
سينه‌هاي لرزانش را به‌دست گرفتم
ناگهان چون سنبل بر من شكفتند.
و صداي لغزش زير دامني‌اش
مثل تكه‌اي حرير
در گوشم پيچيد

I took off my tie,
she too off her dress.
I, my belt with the revolver,
She, her four bodices.
Nor nard nor mother-o’-pearl
have skin so fine,
nor does glass with silver
shine with such brilliance.
Her thighs slipped away from me
like startled fish,
half full of fire,
half full of cold

كراواتم را درآوردم
او لباس‌اش را
كمربندم را كه هفت‌تيري برآن بود كندم
او نيم‌تنه‌اش را.
هيچ صدف و مرواريدي
پوستي چنان دلپذير نداشت
و هيچ بلور نقرفامي
چنان درخشندگي‌اي.
ران‌هايش مي‌گريختند از دستانم
چون ماهي جهنده
و تنش
نيمي آتش و
نيمي يخ.
آن شب

In “Seranata” again there is the manifestation of interwoven sexual love and the grief “

The night soaks itself
along the shore of the river
and in Lolita’s breasts
the branches die of love

بر کناره‌های رود
شب را بنگرید که در آب غوطه می‌خورد.
و بر پستان‌های لولیتا
دسته‌گل‌ها از عشق می‌میرند

Naked the night sings
above the bridges of March.
Lolita bathes her body
with salt water and roses.

The branches die of love

(Translated from Spanish by Derek Parker)

بر فراز پل‌های اسفندماه
شب عریان به آوازی بم خواناست.
تن می‌شوید لولیتا
در آب ِ شور و سنبل ِ رومی.
دسته‌گل‌ها از عشق می‌میرند

Now I will represent some of the poems of Shamlou that transfer the same theme, erotic and carnal love of his beloved woman, Ayda, in the anthology of “Ayda dar ayeneh( Ayda in the mirror)

“Your kisses

are chattering sparrows of the orchard

Your breasts

the hive of all the hillsides

your body

an eternal mystery

granted to me

in an immense privacy.”

بوسه‌های تو

گنجشکَکانِ پُرگوی باغ‌اند
و پستان‌هایت کندوی کوهستان‌هاست
و تنت
رازی‌ست جاودانه
که در خلوتی عظیم
با من‌اش در میان می‌گذارند

In another poem, Ayda in the mirror(ayda dar ayeneh) from the anthology of “Ayda in the mirror”, Shamlou describes the sexual love in the kisses of his beloved.

Your lips are as delicate as a poem

Your lips turns the erotic kisses into

Such a pleasant shame with

that a cave animate

turns into a human being

(My translation)

لبانت
به ظرافتِ شعر
شهوانی‌ترینِ بوسه‌ها را به شرمی چنان مبدل می‌کند
که جاندارِ غارنشین از آن سود می‌جوید
تا به صورتِ انسان درآید

In “before dawn” Lorca possibly fears of love and complains that love is blind and unreasonable and also he confessed his hopelessness or opposition to that.

“But like love
the archers
are blind”

In “farewell” (Bedrood) from the anthology of “fresh air”, Shamlou is also hopeless and has a negative attitude as Lorca toward love that is manifested in the anthology of “fresh air”

The gods didn’t save me

Your union didn’t save me either

Your heart beside me was meaningless

Your heart beside me was in compassionate (my translation)

. خدایان نجاتم نمی‌دادند
پیوندِ تُردِ تو نیز
نجاتم نداد

کنارِ من قلبت آینه‌یی نبود
کنارِ من قلبت بشری نبود…

Respectively, Shamlou’s poem “Roxana” represents longing for his lost beloved, whose voice informs him of his inadequacy: “If you were capable of coming, I would have taken you with me. / You would have become a cloud and upon our meeting fire would have / sparked from our hearts and brightened up the sea and the sky.”

This theme of disappointment and regret reminds us the same in one of Lorca’s poems, “ode to Walt Whitman”.

“Not for a moment, Walt Whitman, lovely old man,
have I failed to see your beard full of butterflies,…”

As can be seen, not exact but similar fluctuation of the attitudes toward love is apparent in Shamlou’s poems like ones of Lorca.

Comparison between Roxana and “ode to Walt Whitman” shows that in Shamlou’s poems the language has an almost Whitmanian scope, and also the focus of meaning is on the lost beloved just like Lorca’s poems.

According to Federico Bonaddio in Lorca’s poems we can see different attitudes and in some parts complicated and vague toward love. In some of his poems because of the symbolic and surrealistic style of his language it is difficult to judge and distinct whether there is a real or beyond real manifestation of love or beloved. For instance, in Lorca’s Sonnets of Dark Love, the beloved’s sex is not explicitly recognizable. But I think this complexity and ambiguity is much less than in Shamlou’s poems. Maybe since the level of tolerance of ambiguity for Persian readers and west readers are different.

Shamlou is mostly influenced by Lorca in the style, theme a, figures of speech, imagery ,atmosphere, and the texture of poems.

As the climax of his manifestation of love in his poems maybe we can refer to ” ayda in the mirror” in which we are evident that the character of woman with its real appearance as a female is illustrated by Shamlou and the relation between a man and a woman( lover and beloved) is clarified and is different from the ” lyric of last solitude”(ghazal-e akharin enzeva)in which Shamlou describes himself as a child that he is dependent on the love of her beloved as a mother( relation of mother and the child instead of man and woman). In ” Ayda in the mirror” the poet that was sick of people and oppression of sphere fell in love with his beloved ‘Ayda’ and describes his love and passion.

The concept of freedom in Lorca’s and Shamlou’s poems

Lorca as a humanist poet and anti-fascists was a patriot and he loved the people of his country. “his poems, especially the Gypsy Ballads, describe the ‘guardians civil’ as the natural enemies of both gypsies and marginal figures including against anarchists that were popular in rural areas of Southern Spain”.

The emphasis of Lorca’s work is on the desire to give back the rights of marginalised people (the poor, gypsies, and women).

Respectively, Lorca announced in his manifesto On Sat. 15 Feb. 1936, the day before the Spanish

Election, Mundo obrero (the communist newspaper): “Political parties separated by considerable theoretical divergences, but united in defense of freedom and the

Republic, have wisely joined forces in the formation of a broadly based Popular Front. We intellectuals, artists and members of the liberal professions would fail in our duty if,

at this time of undeniable political gravity, we refrained from making public our opinion on a situation of such importance” (From Ian Gibson’s The death of Lorca. Published in Chicago by J. Philip O’Hara, Inc. in 1973).

Lorca wanted to write for his people to warn them of the oppression of the government and disclose all the truths about savagery of political men in his country. His life is summarized in his struggle to resist against injustice and invite the people in his poems to break the silence.

Accordingly, illustration of oppression has been represented in one of Lorca’s poems that I will discuss here.

In his poem “ballads of the Spanish civil guard” he made images, with his wonderful imagery tactics, about the oppressors that threaten the deep concept of freedom.

When night came near,
night that night deepened,
the gypsies at their forges
beat out suns and arrows.
A badly wounded stallion
knocked against all the doors.
Roosters of glass were crowing
through Jerez de la Frontera.

چندان که شب فرود می آمد
شب ، شبِ کامل ،
کولیان بر سندان های خویش
پیکان و خورشید می ساختند.
اسبی خون آلوده
بر درهای گنگ می کوفت

خروسانِ شیشه یی بانگ سر می دادند.

The city, free from fear,
multiplied its doors.
Forty civil guards
enter them to plunder.
The clocks came to a halt,

شهر ، آزاد از هراس
درهایش را تکثیر می کرد.
چهل گارد سیویل
از پی تاراج بدان در آمدند.
ساعت ها از حرکت باز ایستاد

Like Lorca, Shamlou struggled against oppression. He found himself in prison more than once. He was one of the first to warn of the injustice in his famous poem “In This Deadend”:

They smell your breath.
You better not have said, “I love you.”
They smell your heart.
These are strange times, darling…
And they flog
love
at the roadblock.
We had better hide love in the closet…
In this crooked dead end and twisting chill,
they feed the fire
with the kindling of song and poetry.
Do not risk a thought.
These are strange times, darling…
He who knocks on the door at midnight
has come to kill the light.
We had better hide light in the closet…
Those there are butchers
stationed at the crossroads
with bloody clubs and cleavers.
These are strange times, darling…
And they excise smiles from lips
and songs from mouths.
We had better hide joy in the closet…
Canaries barbecued
on a fire of lilies and jasmine,
these are strange times, darling…
Satan drunk with victory
sits at our funeral feast.
We had better hide God in the closet.
- (trans. M.C. Hillmann)

“He had a lifelong commitment to freedom”, while the troubles of his country sometimes made him disappointed.

In his anthology of “Abraham in the fire” he illustrated his social and political attitudes toward “freedom” , “patriotism” and his oppressed people.

In “herald”(esharati) from the anthology of “Abraham in Fire”(1973), the poet claims for freedom and transfers his message to all his people as ” to achieve the freedom” and he is regretful that he didn’t succeed in achieving the freedom in his era. So he asks the reader to do their best to achieve this precious stone.

We,

We possessed all the mighty words of this world

and we did not speak.

We did not speak

of the long awaited Name!

For we were not denied any word

but one word,

-One Word-

Freedom!

***

We did not speak

we did not speak of the Word

But you drew.

You draw!

Trans. MARYAM DILMAGHANI

تمامی‌ الفاظِ جهان را در اختیار داشتیم
آن نگفتیم
که به کار آید
چرا که تنها یک سخن
یک سخن در میانه نبود:
ــ آزادی!

ما نگفتیم

تو تصویرش

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